Patient confidentiality Essay

As a member of the health care team, one has to be equipped with not only the skills and the knowledge regarding one’s area of specialty, but most importantly on how to deal with the patients and their family members. There have been several studies that showed how substantial the impact of health care staff interaction is with the patient and the family members on the patient’s recovery and in the overall outcome of the patient’s health. In dealing with situations wherein the family member of the patient is speaking quite loudly and demanding answers, one can address the situation by answering the questions of the family member, but first to tell her to calm down and after which you will be able to understand and answer the questions. In addition to that, you can also remind her that the safety and prompt administration of care to her daughter is the priority, so to be able to get there, the x-rays have to be taken as soon as possible. Also, tell her, in the most respectful way, that the other patients are bothered by her and this will cause anxiety, not only to the other patients but to her daughter as well, so if she can still take a hold of herself and compose herself so the x-ray can take place. As a technician, it is also one’s duty to explain the method and the rationale behind the x-ray procedure to alleviate the sixteen-year-old’s anxiety. Also, it would be helpful if you will tell her that routine x-ray is needed by some people with certain disorders and as a requirement by employers in some institutions and that it does not cause illnesses for those who have their x-rays taken routinely, at most twice a year. Tell her that this procedure has helped diagnose what is wrong with people who have their bones injured and that this will help visualize what has gone wrong in her body.

I Feel That Men Want Sex More Than Women For Both Biological and Social Reasons

The old saying â€Å"it is a man’s world† attributes to the chauvinist characteristic of men; where clinical experts hinted on the findings that men are genetically made to primarily lead the procreation with women. As cited from the electronic article of Steve Connor (2008) in the Agonist.Org, the common notion could be relevant to the instinctive nature of men with regard to their sexual desires towards the opposite sex, wherein men prefer casual sex than women (1).Therefore, the question is; do men want sex more than women for both biological and social reasons? This hypothetical question will be the topical discussion of this paper, examining the basis of agreement or disagreement through the use of empirical findings.Situational analysisTo relate the above hypothetical question, I agree that men want sex more than women for both biological and social reasons. On the contrary, the viewpoint of Dick Masterson (2009) of MenAre BetterThanWomen.Com claims that women hav e their pitfalls as a physical and emotional weakness.Thus, my agreement will be proven by the succeeding situational analysis on the circumstance of men’s natural characteristic, relating the biological and sociological advances to women.In ‘Peeking inside the Mind of the Boy Dating Your Daughter’ by Tara Parker-Pope, which was published in 2008 by The New York Times electronic magazine, has cited that the â€Å"peer factor† critically influences the discovery of the boys about girls (1). Tara Parker-Pope (2008) has written and described the following findings:â€Å"Physical attractiveness and the desire to be acquainted with someone are the usual and familiar reasons of   boys who are sexually active, and most likely said they pursued sex without commitment of love and primarily want to explore sex or to satisfy physical desires† (2).Based on the findings, it shows that most of young men are driven by their likings getting acquainted first with women, discovering the feelings or desires for the opposite sex. It may be then analyzed that the situation of â€Å"getting acquainted† is attributed by the peer factor.As cited, many young men [especially the teenagers between the ages of 14-16] are willing to lose their virginity at the very young age since they are vulnerable to peer-pressures, and most likely willing to explore the company of women (2).On the other hand, there seems a â€Å"balance† on the attitude of men towards a sexual partner, in which adult males thinks about the idea how could the social and biological life of women adopt to the same gender relationship, pertaining to the willingness of a girl in discovering or experimenting the kind of relationship (2).However, there is case to case basis or â€Å"social circumstance† when a girl get into the same gender relationship, of which one of the factors is socio-economic survival (3).From the article ‘A New Kind of Date Rape’ by Laura Sessions Stepp (2009) which was published by Cosmopolitan electronic magazine, the varying circumstances of men’s insatiable attraction to women has been emphasized.Accordingly, there is the so-called â€Å"gray rape† which refers to having sexual relationship with someone in between consent and denial (2). Stepp (2009) implied this kind of circumstance as trauma to a woman who questions herself after having sex with someone.In other words, the â€Å"tolerance† that first instinctively happened with a partner was uncertain and could have been persistently encouraged or lured by the male partner.The circumstance of rape is always evidently demonstrating the chauvinist character of men, although there are very remote cases when women are accused of raping men. What shows in the first evidence of rape is the enticement of a man to woman (2).Like for instance is the encouragement of a man for dating a woman, showing the desire of â€Å"insistent emotion† which a woman has a weak spot of being passionately desired for neither loved or needed (3). However, this kind of insistent emotion makes women vulnerable to â€Å"gray rape† to the point of statutory sexual assault (3).Stepp (2009) pointed out that insistent emotion of men towards women are merely physical desires, aside from the â€Å"psychosocial esteem† which men commonly feels satisfied or fulfilled once they have achieved the confidence of women.As cited, several cases of rape come first as a date, wherein men stereotype the approach of seduction and intimidations (3). Further, many rape victims in urban cities were dating partners who were allured to alcohol drinking or pot sessions leading to use of drugs and other illegal substances (3).It shows that women are vulnerable to the advantages of men. On the other hand, the vulnerabilities can be found on the physical and emotional weaknesses of women which are the pitfall (3).Thus, this can be equated to the à ¢â‚¬Å"gray rape† which refers to the unpredictable or indecisive tolerance of women to accept or deny the desires of men. However, this finding is still analogous to deceitful acts of men in terms of taking the advantages or opportunity of the situation. At this juncture, Stepp (2009) categorized and wrote the findings, as follows:â€Å"Numerous studies found â€Å"gray rape† as an outcome of the modern day socio-cultural groupings of men and women where plentiful interactions through social gatherings entices flirtations as additionally triggered by alcohol and drugs, of which even encourages men to be more sexually daring and harmful† (3).In which case, Stepp (2009) also proves the â€Å"social factor† or reasons why aside from the biological aspect, men can become more viciously desiring women.Reflective of the social factor, it may be perceived that the situation tends to justify the means, pertaining to providing understanding why men commit sexual ab use. But, certain understanding to the social factor owes the analysis that men links social interactions as the â€Å"given opportunity† or established venue to entrap the vulnerability of women.As cited, social interaction can be an easement for men to set the â€Å"social rules†, misunderstanding women who look for relationship and not free-and-easy sex (3).Another sociological finding explores why men do not separate from being boys, referring to the idea that men always retain the â€Å"teenage attitude† as they grow old. Michael Kimmel in his book ‘The Perilous World Where Boys Become Men’ which was published in 2008 by Harper-Collins Publishers has argued that contemporary matured men â€Å"drift† in a life-threatening social system (2).As a sociologist, Kimmel (2008) has accounted his findings through the conduct of interviews to numerous young and adult men with different types of occupation. Kimmel wrote his following findings:  Ã ¢â‚¬Å"The typical young American man nowadays is phasing in to a newly developed social culture not perturbed or put out by the burden of family, a girlfriend, workplace and other annoyances of adult-life† (3).Kimmel (2008) implies the retention of men’s masculinity that establishes the societal structure of what he described as â€Å"guyland† being a territorial ground of men where women competes.Based on the book, the competing genre of women challenges the â€Å"guyland† which makes women more vulnerable to the effects of competition. Like for example, the prevalence of sexual harassments in workplaces manifests the dominant character of men to the opposite gender (3).Kimmel (2008) explained that the emerging â€Å"gender competition†, pertaining to the emerging women interaction to the usual men’s occupation or life-interests, poses a challenging stance to the men’s world (guyland) that entices men to explore the personality of wom en competitors.As cited, exploring the personality of woman competitor varies in a challenging discovery from simple seduction to grave intimidation (4). Thus, Kimmel (2008) critically considers the â€Å"intuition† as part of a social factor.Correlating the findings of Kimmel (2008) to the topical discussions, biological and social reasons or factors favors the agreement that men want sex more than women. The aspect of â€Å"men’s world† conjugates the natural characteristic of men for being a â€Å"pre-dominant entity† in the social structure of gender and societal personality of women.This analogy can be deduced from what Kimmel (2008) described as the â€Å"territorial ground† of men, in which also means as a social structure or system that is only ruled by men. Therefore, women must submit to the harmful challenge of men and live with it.It can be reflected that what the contemporary needs today is a crucial co-existence regardless of gender o r personality in the social system. Men and women alike must redefine their vital roles in the perspectives of developing family values so that the new generation of young men and women would be responsible procreators. At this point, Kimmel (2008) wrote the following prognosis:â€Å"To map-out the future social-world of men must redefine what men are presently made;   enabling the integral role of women in nurturing the path of their young boys from the vicious effects of society where â€Å"guyland† must reciprocate the reputation of reliable and responsible men† (6).Indeed, women have a vital role in reforming the biological and social factors affecting the behavior of men. Of which Kimmel (2008) pointed out that if women actively participate in liberating the society, then, why not specifically persevere in the parental function of women to redirect the socio-cultural reorientation within the family (7).This proposition can be acknowledged by the fact that the ro le of women in the family is to provide guidance to the children, specifically the role of mothers. At least, but not just an option, the family-value orientation stirs the consciousness of the children, becoming aware of the sociological influences that patterns behavior and beliefs of children as they grow up (7).On the same reasons, Kimmel (2008) emphasized the importance of â€Å"converting the guyland† as a territorial ground for the virtuous men who are sympathetic and ethically conforming to the morality of women (8).ConclusionThe sexual desires of men symbolize his dominant character to the opposite sex, wherein women are treated as a â€Å"utility† in the fulfillment of masculinity or chauvinism. Additionally, women’s desires for a responsive relationship are being perceive or misunderstood as a pitfall. The personality of women in the classification of gender becomes a defenseless weaker sex.

American Corporations and Internet Pornography Essay Exploratory Es

In this essay, we shall consider the so-called "reputable" mainstream American companies that are reaping huge profits from Internet porn, as well as related considerations. Â   Marriott, Westin, and Hilton are known for their pornographic video deliveries to paying rooms, a practice which Omni Hotels discontinued when confronted by the American Family Association. On the other hand, Internet porn companies like Yahoo! In its x-rated Geocities sites, was not intimidated by AFA's threats. Instead, it took US Attorney General Ashcroft's strong action to intimidate Yahoo! into only a partial-withdrawal from Internet porn. However, Yahoo! Still retains marginally pornographic material on websites. Â   ATT is the biggest American company that has accommodated itself to the pornography boom. Its cable division, ATT Broadband, distributes to subscribers the explicit porn channel, The Hot Network; and this has unfortunate repercussions in the world of Internet pornography. In the spring of 2001, an interfaith coalition of relig...

Bio-ethics paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bio-ethics paper - Essay Example Reproducible-Lastly, the test should be able to be reproduced by other researchers. Using this elements to determine the issue of sixteen year old who eats French fries three times a week which makes him or her gain more weight than the one who eats the French fries twice a week, it is clear that the one who consumes the French fries three times a week has higher chances of increasing body weight because she or he will have much fats and proteins in the body than the one who eats them twice a week. This is because it has been shown that a lot of fats and proteins in the body lead to increase in body weight. Gestational surrogacy is the act through which there is an independent adoption or arrangement that involves a woman accepting to carry and deliver a baby for another woman. Gestational surrogacy is not baby selling because the woman who accepts to carry the baby for another woman provides the uterus where the ova and sperm are planted in order to fertilize. Therefore, when she gives birth, it is not her baby since the ovum that was fertilized belonged to another woman. In this case, she only plays the role of a carrier. Gestational surrogate motherhood is not bad since it gives a chance to couples who had difficulty in having babies get babies. Arguing from intuitionism perspective, it is important to ask to what extent people should be concerned about commodification or exploitation when they are requested to be paid so as to carry babies for other women especially in areas where there are large power and wealth differentials between intended surrogates and parents. In addition, it is important to look at the societal rights if they grant women authority to enter into contracts about the use of their bodies. A Person has the right to make decisions about how to use his or her body thus contracting for surrogacy is not bad if the person

Project Exponential Decay Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Project Exponential Decay - Assignment Example Many researchers have fronted the idea that radioactive decay occurs in an exponential manner. According to the quantum theory, the half life of an element remains predictable. Yet, it is impossible to predict the exact moment an isolated nucleus of an atom will disintegrate in radioactive decay (Brady, 2009). It is against this knowledge that this research results were based. Mathematically, the results obtained from throwing a six-sided dice have been shown to follow an exponential pattern/ distribution. The experiments discussed were designed to display the relevance of throwing a dice to that of radioactive decay. In the first experiment, ten six-sided dice were thrown and the numbers that appeared each time recorded. The procedure was repeated each time removing a dice that had six after throwing. This was continued until all the dice had been emptied. The experiment was repeated using a limitless Excel number generator and finally with a 10-sided dice. As expected, the first experiment showed a gradually decreasing trend, synonymous with exponential decay. At time t=0 the total number of dice was 10. This corresponded to the number of un-decayed nuclei as explained by Murray and Hart (Murray, Arthur & Hart, 2012). Subsequent results were recorded as follows: t=1; 7 dice left, t = 2; 4 dice left, t=3; 4 dice left, t=4; 3 dice left, t=5; 1 dice left, and t=6; 0 dice left. These results are better displayed in the graph below. The second experiment involved 10 trials. At the time point t=0 there were 20 dice. Subsequent trials indicated the number of dice remaining per time as indicated in the graph. Apparently, there was a constant display after the eighth trial. These results are displayed in the graph below. The third experiment was based on 398 dice to begin with, representing an equal number of un-decayed nuclei. This was marked as the

My position on the Civil War and an argument against it. (MOD 2 Disc Assignment

My position on the Civil War and an argument against it. (MOD 2 Disc 1) - Assignment Example From a modern perspective, slavery and the associated treatment of black people are incomprehensible and immoral. Another reason to support the Union is that it was the side of the democratically elected Abraham Lincoln (McPherson & Hogue, 2009), and held the same view as the majority of Americans (23 states as opposed to 11 Confederate states [McPherson & Hogue, 2009]). It is wrong, however, to assume that the winning side is always the right side. In every story there are several viewpoints and we cannot see everything in black and white. One of the main problems with the Union is related to the democracy point raised above. 23 states wanted to abolish slavery, but 11 states didnt. The Union encouraged ignoring the views of over 5 million people (McPherson & Hogue, 2009) in the Southern states, which is something that a true democracy could not. It is easy to say that the Union was in favour of freedom, but another type of freedom is freedom of opinion, and it could be said that the Confederacy had this taken away from them by the Unionists zeal for abolition. It is also possible to argue in favour of the Confederacy. It can be argued that the Confederate states were aiming to protect themselves; not only their way of life with regard to slavery, but also to protect their economy from the Union (McPherson & Hogue, 2009). It is also wrongly assumed that Confederacy states were the only ones that employed and imported slaves (McPherson & Hogue, 2009). It is evident that the story here is not just black and

Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Marketing Communications - Essay Example The strategy and organization of the advertising campaign is what determines the success of a business as it works as a tool of communication for those who are looking for specific products or services. Not only does advertising work in any economy, but it also provides a basis for whether a business can succeed or fail within their given community. The history of advertising is one that notes techniques and tools that remain consistent. At times, these become renamed as specific theories or innovations. However, the changes with advertising campaigns are essentially based on changes in tools available and through the new avenues used to reach others. The essence of advertising has remained the same, which is to use different forms of media to communicate to others about a service or product. Advertising first became popular in Britain in the 1870s and was defined as a business finding prospective customers who could turn into clients. As the industrial age began to form, new advertising forms and options for communicating to customers also became popular, specifically because of the quantity of products which began to develop. An example of this development in the 1890s came from Pinkhams who hired the first advertising agent. In 10 years, the campaigns that were produced cost an average of 44% of revenue for the company; howe ver, the increase in the company went up by 2500%. Other businesses in the same arena began to go out of business from this concept, which pushed many into the need to have advertising available (Fox, 20). The concept of advertising then changed from a basic formula of communicating with customers to having a specific advertising individual working in the office. By the mid – 1900s, there were advertising individuals who were in offices, specifically to create ads for newspapers and later on TVs. The transformation of businesses was one that began to rely on advertising to increase profits and to find new formulas to reaching

Green Buildings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Green Buildings - Essay Example Rapid industrialization and increase in demand of fuels have increase pollution all over the world. The increase in carbon dioxide in the environment is damaging the ozone layer surrounding the earth’s atmosphere. This is damaging the environment and increasing the temperature of the world. Oceans are melting and seal levels are increasing. This phenomenon is known as global warming. The dangerous consequences of such climatic change are forcing the world to come up with techniques that are environmental friendly. Green building is one such technique that preserves our environment. The cost of these buildings far exceeds the benefits of green buildings. It is important to understand the benefits of green buildings and their structure to prove that this technique worth its costs. A cost benefit analysis will show clearly that green buildings should be used more often in order to protect the environment. Benefits of Green Building One of the most significant benefits of green bu ildings is that they help save energy. These buildings save electricity and in turn decrease our dependent on fuels. Electricity is produced by many ways and oil is also used to produce electricity. Green buildings are designed in such a manner that they allow the residents sunlight and natural air. In this way energy consumption is decreased greatly. Air conditioning and lights use most of the electricity in homes and by reducing this electricity environment can benefit a lot. In green buildings trees and plants are used in order to provide shade and cooling (Simpson, J. 2002). Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen in daytime. This gives freshness and coolness in daytime in the house. Another benefit of green buildings is the increased productivity of the people living in green buildings. People who live in green buildings are found to work long hours. They also have less stress and they can stay fresh for long hours. This is mainly because occupants get exposure to sun light and fresh air. Air conditioning is no substitute of fresh air. Fresh air soothes residents of green building and this is why they feel less stressed then residents of normal houses and buildings. A study reported that absenteeism was reduced by 40 percent in buildings that were green (Lallanilla, M. 2011). This is the effect of plants and natural air and sunlight. The benefits of green buildings include less sickness as well. This may be because of less pollution and harmful gases. People who live near road sides are exposed to pollution. In green buildings a proper mechanism deals with pollution as discussed before. Also greenery attracts employees to offices. Water efficiency is another benefit of green building. The design of building is such that it allows water to be reused. Water is recycled in greenhouses houses. It is purified and reused in flushes. In this way throughout the life of the green building flush water is not wasted but is used and reused over and over agai n. This is a great benefit of green buildings because it can save gallons of water. A house has a life of at least 30 to 40 years. Throughout this period all the water used in flush will remain the same. Also water is saved by using low flow of water in flushes and showers. Even this can help reduce water consumption of households greatly. Toilet paper is also not used in washrooms and that protects tress. All in all a simple technique of water recycling a great amount of water can be saved. Also material used in green buildings is environmental friendly. The wood used for making green buildings is made of plants like bamboo that grow faster. Rare plants and trees are not used in the making of green buildings. Industrial goods used in making homes are also recyclable and are environmental friendly. Stones and other materials used in houses can be reused again. Energy costs are decreased as a result of green building

Views on Gender Roles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Views on Gender Roles - Essay Example Much of what we learn about gender occurs during our formative years, and it is largely a product of our culture. Mothers and fathers tend to reinforce gender roles in developing children, such as rewarding a boy for achieving in sports, or praising a girl for helping around the house. Because an individual’s culture, background, and upbringing play such a critical role in the development of views on gender, it comes as no surprise that gender views vary greatly. Each individual’s view on gender is unique, but it is not difficult to see that some general statements can be made about an individual’s view on gender based on the characteristics of that individual. Perhaps this holds true because the individual’s view on gender is largely learned from those around him or her, and the people in an individual’s sphere of influence often tend to have similar characteristics. Based on the cross-tabulation provided with the Starks textbook, I used the 2000 General Social Survey data to compare views on the wife at home, presumably in the traditional â€Å"stay-at-home mom† sense, though the website does not give information as to the specific wording of the survey itself (which could have made a difference in the results). The question of whether the wife should be at home was compared by gender, age group, education, income of the family, political party, region, did the mother work when the respondent was a child, and the religion. The results give us insight into how groups of varying characteristics feel about gender. Surprisingly, and most likely a dramatic change over the last fifty years, when questioned, men and women responded very similarly to the question, with 60.1% of females and 58.1% of males disagreeing with the statement. Only a 2% difference is shown between genders, and this small difference becomes even less significant when taken in

Implementation of the Saudi Mortgage Law Developing an Effective Research Paper

Implementation of the Saudi Mortgage Law Developing an Effective Mortgage Market in the KSA - Research Paper Example It was also gathered that the main purpose of envisaging the law was to develop secured financing in secondary market and to protect interest of borrowers as well as that of financiers regarding mortgages (Bloomberg â€Å"Saudi Mortgage Law Opens Kingdom to Home Lending Surge†). In the following sections, an overview of the law is discussed along with its impact on the KSA economy (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). Additionally, role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae in the mortgage market of USA has been discussed along with an outline of importance of creating liquid secondary mortgage market in an economy. Lastly, recommendations have been provided regarding development of mortgage market in the KSA economy. The Saudi mortgage law is also known as the real estate mortgage law which is a union of five different laws regarding financing of real estate and control of finance companies. It was gathered that the enactment of the law was on hold for a very long time period considering the crisis in global real estate market that initiated with development and burst of housing bubble in the USA. These laws are being considered as of paramount importance for the KSA finance sector and real estate market because they are expected to ensure balance while incorporating innovation in the sector. Furthermore, these measures are expected to minimize growing gap in the financing market and emphasize on structured financing in the country’s secondary market. Fundamentally, these laws have been instated to ensure that investment in real estate sector is encouraged without deviating from the Shariah compliances. Basically, the mortgage law will make certain that both parties to a financing transaction will maintain transparency and adopt fair practices. The laws established that financiers should be honest, qualified, and have fair motives while borrowers must agree to various commercial terms and have strong credit rating that reflect

Western Governors University Essay Example for Free

Western Governors University Essay According to The Levine Institute (2013), the term globalization can be defined as â€Å"a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations.† Globalization and modernization have been occurring for thousands of years around the world. This can be further explained as the influence that modern nations have on non-developed nations and cultures. The influences that modern nations have can either be related to direct or indirect contact. Both globalization and modernization can have positive and negative impacts on cultural practices. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of globalization on native non-Western cultural practices. Some examples of globalization on native non-Western cultural practices include the influence of cable television in India, the booming commerce in China, and the factor that globalization has played in South Korea’s growth and economic success. While some have had success and felt positive economic effects of globalization, the influence of television in India may have negatively impacted the previously religious and spiritual cultural that existed before the globalization period. This cultural shift in India was influenced partially by the World Trade Organization. The World Trade Organization assisted in lowering import taxes which allowed India to economically benefit by being able to produce products at a much reduced price for the American consumers. The cultural in India significantly changed during this period and while it was previously uncommon to see unrelated women and men living together before the economic shift, it is currently common practice. The economic shift that was directed related to globalization may have also been responsible for unintentionally influencing an increase in violence over the past decade. Another example of globalization takes place in Japan. When McDonald’s restaurant first came to Japan in May 1971, a phenomenon was created by introducing the concept of Western â€Å"fast food† to a foreign country (Chang, 2011). Before the introduction of McDonald’s, Japan cultural had centered on family food preparation and rituals, such as obento. Obento is prepared by Japanese mothers and â€Å"The tradition becomes part of the social education of both parent and child and creates a connection between home and school for a youngster’s earliest forays away from family† (Gordon, 2005). Japanese mothers would spend nearly an hour crafting the elaborate obento for their child to take to school every day. Teachers would judge the obento and ensure that specific rules were followed during the crafting of the meal, such as the food being as handmade as possible, appetizing, and aesthetically appealing (Gordon, 2005). In Japan, obento symbolized the mother’s responsibility to food preparation and a child’s responsibility to education. The introduction of McDonald’s took some time to spread in Japan but cleaver marketing strategies aided in changing the face of fast food. According to Chang (2011), â€Å"McDonald’s marketed as a stylish place to go to with family and friends. They have also included special menus for Japanese customers such as American regional burgers and teriyaki burgers.† McDonald’s also added a variety of unique toys that were specific to the Japanese culture in kid’s happy meals. Since the introduction of fast food, Japan’s obesity rates have risen tremendously. The director of the Drug Discovery Research Center at Kyoto University, Gozoh Tsujimoto, blames Westernized fast food for Japanese obesity rates rising threefold from 1962 to 2002 (Hooper, 2012). Tsujimoto attributes the 20% Japanese obesity rating related to â€Å"Lifestyle factors have become Westernized. Especially, food has become Westernized – and mainly high-calorie and high fat† (Hooper, 2012). McDonald’s now has over 3,300 restaurants in Japan, which is the largest number of stores outside of the United States (Chang, 2011). In addition to obesity and food preparation practices, the introduction of fast food in Japan has also caused a large increase in the consumption of red meat. The older and younger generations in Japan responded differently to the influence of fast food. The older generations continue to eat at home more often, however, the younger generations continue to eat out more and they have shown an increase in health issues, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome (Hooper, 2012). While some professionals continue to blame the direct influence of Westernization for these unintentional health concerns, globalization is unavoidable and can impact a culture both positively and negatively. Japan has positively benefitted from globalization in ways of technological advances and automobiles but perhaps was negatively affected by the phenomenon of fast food. Globalization is controversial. According to The Levine Institute (2013), â€Å"Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living.† Globalization in India greatly helped the economy but perhaps hurt the values of the cultural. However, opponents of globalization argue â€Å"that the creation of an unfettered international free market has benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people† (The Levine Institute, 2013). Globalization is affected by many variables such as age, family, religion, and technology. Whether it is intentional or unintentional, direct or indirect, planned or not planned, finding the right balance to provide positive effects is difficult. References Chang, S. (2011). McDonald’s in Japan. Retrieved from http://apanews.si.edu/2011/09/20/mcdonalds-in-japan/ Gordon, M. (2005). Obento. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/opb/meaningoffood/food_and_family/obento/ Hooper, R. (2012). Obesity on the rise as Japanese eat more Western-style food. Retrieved from http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/03/11/national/obesity-on-the-rise-as-japanese-eat-more-western-style-food/#.UmFqEvlJN1I The Levin Institute. (2013). What is globalization? Retrieved from http://www.globalization101.org/what-is-globalization

East Asian History Essay Example for Free

East Asian History Essay In the year 1943, the allied forces made a Deceleration in Cairo pledging freedom for the Korean peninsula from Japan. The US, China and Great Britain were the main parties involved in this declaration, often known as the ‘Cairo Declaration’. In the Yalta Conference, Roosevelt made a proposal to the USSR leaders for having a four-power leadership of Korea. Although, Stalin took President Roosevelt points into consideration, no formal agreement was reached upon. President Roosevelt proposed that the US, USSR, Great Britain and China would take hold on Korea. Following these talks, the tension between the communist nations and the western nations began to rise. In the Postdam conference in July 1945, Independence was promised for Korea. The US asked the USSR to enter the war with Japan to free Korea. However, they also suggested that the Japanese could not be attacked from Korea, unless the Japanese mainlands were captured. The USSR army attacked the Japanese forces from the northern side after capturing Manchuria. Following the American bombing of the Japanese cities in August 8, 1945, the Japanese troops began to surrender. The 38th Parallel was utilized as a line of control. North of this line, the USSR troops took charge and south of this line, the American army had control. The Japanese forces actually surrendered to the US forces on September 8th in Seoul. The USSR forces began to seal the line of control. The USSR forces were however present in Korea earlier compared to the American forces. There are many reasons as to why the US government wanted to divide Korea. Some suggest that it was basically done to prevent the USSR army from occupying the entire Korea. Other felt that it was to increase the military presence (from several countries) in Korea, and in this way prevent any single power from taking control of Korea. Initially, the Korean division was proposed as a temporary measure (basically for military operations). However, the conflict between the Eastern and Western powers meant that no particular solution was reached for this issue. In this way Korea continued to be divided (Turner Learning, 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia, 2007). Once Korea was divided, the Americans began to have a Government under Korea under the rule of Syngman Rhee. This government was basically set up against communism. South Korea was called as ‘Republic of Korea’. In the northern side, the USSR government set up a communist government under the rule of Kim II Sung. This state was called as ‘Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’. Kim II Sung was actually a major of the Red Army. After the World War II he was considered the head of the North Korean communist party. He was appointed the head of a committee for settling administrative issues. In 1947, a legislative assembly was formed in North Korea, and Kim was elected the head. He had a strong military presence in North Korea. Initially, Stalin wanted to stop Kim from using communist influence in North Korea, but Kim was against this. Later, Stalin and Kim were planning to enforce communism throughout Korea. Kim II Sung’s army was known as the ‘North Korean Military Army’. This army included a few generals who had waged war against the Japanese. Kim was interested in developing a nation that was torn out of war. He brought all agricultural activities under the control of state. He also started developing the industry in Korea. On the other hand, the South Korean’s did not have a strong military presence under the US army. When the US army was withdrawing its troops in 1949, only about 100, 000 soldiers were trained in the South Korean Army. The Russians began to support an attack of South Korea in the year 1950. North Korea utilized Russian artillery, guns and tanks to launch an attack in South Korea. The South Koreans were unprepared by the attack from the North Koreans. The American aid was rather insufficient. The Americans and the UN had to support South Korea in its fight against North Korea during the Korean War (Turner Learning, 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia, 2007).

Cyrus the Great: Leadership

Cyrus the Great: Leadership Introduction The word Cyrus is derived from Ancient Greek. This word comes from Old Persian originally from Kurosh meaning to bestow care or the Sun. In the Bible, he is known as simply Koresh. In the Quran, he is known as Zol-qarnain (Arabic: Ø °Ãƒâ„¢Ã‹â€ ÃƒËœÃƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  Ãƒâ„¢Ã¢â‚¬  ). Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Archaemenian dynasty and the Persian Empire. Cyrus military victories eventually put him in possession of the largest empire in the world at that time. Also we can say that he was an extraordinarily humane ruler for that time. Surely he has achieved his greatness not by words but by hard and difficult choices, actions, and sacrifices. His strategy towards the people of his empire was one of lenience and understanding, as reflected in his agreement of the rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple in 538 BC. Biography Cyrus the Great was born in about 590 BC, in the province of Persis (nowadays called Fars), in southwest of Iran. Cyrus was the grandson of Astyages, king of the Medes. Before Cyruss birth, Astyages had dreamed that his grandson would someday overthrow him. The king ordered that the boy infant be killed promptly after his birth. However, the official entrusted with the job of killing the infant had no heart for such a bloody deed, and instead handed him over to a shepherd and his wife with instructions that they put the child to death. But they, too, were unwilling to kill the boy, and instead reared him as their own. Ultimately, when the child grew up, he indeed caused the kings downfall. Cyrus conquered the Lydian Empire in Asia Minor, which was ruled by King Croesus, a wealthy man. By 546 BC Cyrus had conquered the Lydian Empire and Croesus became his prisoner. After several campaigns, Cyrus conquered eastern Iran and incorporated it into his empire. However Cyrus the Great overthrew three great empires, Babylonians, Medes, and Lydians and united most of the ancient Middle East into one state, extending from India to the Mediterranean Sea. Cyrus became the first Achaemenian Emperor of Persia, and had the title of King of Babylon-King of the Land. No one has accurate information from the personal beliefs of Cyrus the Great. But based on current evidence we can say that Religion of Cyrus the Great was Zoroastrian that is the dedication to ethical and moral excellence which is based on three simple fundamental principles: GOOD THOUGHTS, GOOD WORDS and GOOD DEEDS Cyrus was eventually killed in a battle with the Massagetae tribes in Central Asia, east of the Caspian Sea in 530 BC. His body was buried at Pasargadae, the Old Persian capital. The Persian Empire thrived in peace and prosperity for two hundred years. Cyrus The Great position in the world leadership in his era I think that Cyrus the Great had an authentic leadership. He achieves highest position among all world leaders throughout the human history because of the following reasons: He had high moral and ethical values. He created Persian Empire based on moral principles. Expanded the Ethical Empire to include all men who wish to join it. Freedoms of religion, job, and place of residency; being advocate of freedom of choice 2500 years ago is highly venerable. He was tolerant of local religions and local customs. In the Bible (e.g., Ezra 1:1-4), Cyrus is famous for freeing the Jewish captives in Babylonia and allowing them to return to their homeland. His name occurs twenty two times in the Bible. Organization of a Constitution and Judicial system based on high ethical values. Created Gold and Silver coins for trading. Ordered all Governors to treat the people as their own children, and no one could be executed for a first time crime. Slavery was not allowed. The Old Persian culture did not accept the concept of slavery. He liked to consult with other leaders from different ethnic backgrounds. He had immense military ability and he was a great statesman. Cyrus the Great had a Major influence on the thinking of Aristotle and Alexander the Great, and the Roman Empire form of government. He was moderate and respectful toward his defeated opponents, and if they were popular leaders among their people, he would let them continue with their positions. Traits of Cyrus the Great and establishment of his ethical Persian Empire some 2500 years ago and continued existence of Achaemenid rule for 200 years indicate a successful leadership based on moral principles. Cyrus the Great had a lot of respect for ethical values. Unquestionably, his moral values and leadership skills affected his highly successful and respected situation throughout his empire era and among all people under his government. To prove this fact, one can say about The First Declaration of Human Rights decree by Cyrus the Great inscribed on a clay cylinder in cuneiform discovered in 1879 by Hormoz Rasam in Babol and now in The British Museum. This is the text of the clay cylinder: . .When my soldiers in great numbers peacefully entered Babylon I did not allow anyone to terrorize the people I kept in view the needs of people and all its sanctuaries to promote their well-being I freed all the slaves I put an end to their misfortune and slavery (referred to 42,000 slaveries in the Babylon in that time). Characteristic of Cyrus The Great Intelligent Cyrus the great was intelligent because he utilized his opportunities in an exceptional way. His establishment of the biggest empire in the world is in fact an antiquity. Also, he innovated new strategies and new structures of ruling over his conquered lands. He used different strategies in different situations. Military ability and Statesman Cyrus had immense military abilities and he was very clever in commanding and conducting wars. But that was only one side facet of this great man. Great trait of Cyrus was the gentle character of his rule. He was very tolerant of local religions and local customs, and he was disinclined to the extreme brutality and cruelty, which characterized so many other conquerors. Tactic of war of Cyrus is demonstrated in his war with the Lydian king Croesus. Pacific He did not change the institution of the kingdoms he incorporated into the Persian Empire, and allowed all the people to live in peace and harmony. Cyrus is admired as a liberator rather than a conqueror, because he respected the customs and religions of each part of his vast empire. Innovation Cyrus established post system and post office for fast data transfer across the empire. Also, Cyrus had influence in the urban planning and buildings of that time including Persepolis. His great innovation was to divide the huge empire into more or less independent provinces called satrapies. Wisdom and Toleration Cyrus was welcomed into Babylon as a liberator by the population. It is important to note that his military were given strict orders not to plunder or in any way harm the citizens. It is a testament to his leadership that these orders were fully obeyed. It also shows the tight control he had over his army. After the victory of Babylon, the Babylonians were instructed to rebuild their temple, destroyed almost seven decades ago by Nebuchandrezzer II. Cyrus exhorted them to pray to their god and offer sacrifices. Religious freedom and justice became a hallmark of the Persian Empire. Modernity Terminology Its not exaggeration if we call some of his works was really compatible with the modernity terminology. To name a few is what he has done about the slavery. Other Keys of Success Consult with other leaders Although Cyrus the Great was a genius he would consult with other leaders from different ethnic background to come up with a better solution for their problems. Effective Organization Cyrus organized his empire in such a way to be to be divided into different provinces or Satrapies. He reduced the 3-month time it took to get messages by horse from Susa to Sardis to less than 2-weeks with the construction of the Royal Road. Cyrus sent imperial agents into each province to observe conditions and report back to him. Perhaps his greatest administrative innovation was the adoption of Aramaic as the official administrative language of the empire, given the diverse ethnic makeup of the provinces. The leadership qualities of Cyrus resulted in an empire that endured for centuries, even after many outside invasions. His methods were reportedly copied by future rulers that read the accounts of his kingship recorded by ancient historians. Leadership in the post-modern world can look to the life of Cyrus and apply many of his principles to 21st-Century problems. Level of Leadership Level 5 Leaders To know why he is an effective leader, it may suffice to mention that all his commanders obeyed him as they trusted him. Meanwhile, there are many historical facts that he influenced other great leaders in his era and even after his death these influences continued to exist and inspire great leaders of the world. He was an executive leader, as he used to be in the most front line of any battle, also he was involving in valuable Persian architecture and moreover he was writing all orders about the other religious treatments and last but not least he was totally involved in political structures of his Empire. Sources: Leadership Traits of Cyrus the Great (-08-28Aug 28, 2009);Michael Streich. http://near-eastern-history.suite101.com/article.cfm/leadership_traits_of_cyrus_the_great Cyrus the Great http://faculty.mdc.edu/jmcnair/Joe12pages/cyrus_the_great.htm From Wikipedia: Cyrus the Great http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great Biography of Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian empire http://www.essortment.com/all/biographycyrus_rcof.htm. Cyrus The Great The Father Liberator (1999); Shapour Suren-Pahlav http://www.cais-soas.com/CAIS/History/hakhamaneshian/Cyrus-the-great/cyrus_the_great.htm Telecommuting: the advantages and disadvantages Telecommuting: the advantages and disadvantages Introduction Many authors have tried to define telecommuting in one clear definition. The definitions differ from telecommuting is working from home (Mokhtarian, 1991) to definitions including time, places and used tools descriptions. This paper will demonstrate that telecommuting is a working arrangement that provides employees the opportunity to work from other places then the employers office for at least a part of their normal work schedule, using technology to interact with colleagues, supervisors and other professional contacts. Despite the still growing popularity of telecommuting, there are as many advantages as well disadvantages for both employee and employer. This paper discusses some of the major advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting for both the employer and the employee. As this paper point out, as a result of more control over work-schedule, the decreased traveling time and costs, and an changed working environment, telecommuting can contribute to an increased job satisfaction for the telecommuter. Disadvantages however include possible dangers as overworking and overeating, and the reduction of professional relationships with colleagues and supervisors. This reduction can lead to a decreasing change of promotion. For the employer, the increase of job satisfaction means in general a higher productivity, and a lower staff turnover. Telecommuting can also reduce the costs of hiring, leasing of buying real estate to provide offices and the possibility to hire professional labor worldwide. However, also employers have to take into account some major disadvantages. The reduced face-to-face interaction, necessary to value an employer and the possible unbalance in a team when only a few functions lend them for telecommuting. Despite the many advantages of telecommuting, its success is strongly dependent on the function, company regulations and management, and the telecommuter self if telecommuting will be a success. Advantages for the employee A first major advantage of telecommuting is the reduction of traveling time and costs as a result of the possibility to work from home or other central working spaces in the neighbourhood (Mokhtarian, 1991). Some companies establish teleworkcenters and remote offices as alternative locations for their telecommuting workers. However in most cases the home of the telecommuter will become the working-place (Mokhtarian, 1991) (Gajendran Harrison, 2007). The reduction of travelling time and costs as a result of work from home can contribute to an increased job satisfaction. Another advantage of telecommuting is the possibility to adjust working hours to personal needs. If for instance the telecommuter has a family at home and arrange to telecommute from home, the telecommuter has no travelling time, can work with the family in the neighbourhood, and due the face the work schedule is flexible, is possible to create more quality time with the family. Therefore, telecommuting can contribute to an improved family relationship. A major overall advantage of telecommuting is the increase in job satisfaction. Research has shown that the changes caused by telecommuting in the previous section, often result in a higher job satisfaction. This is a result of the fact the telecommuter has increased control over the location, timing and means of completing the work (Gajendran Harrison, 2007). To conclude the advantages as stated before; telecommuting seems to contribute to improvement of work and personal relationships by the utilizing the flexibility of the telecommuting concept. As a result of telecommuting the job satisfaction of the employee can be increased. Disadvantages for the employee The following paragraph will discuss the disadvantages for the employee. The first important disadvantages is the reduction of the availability of resources. Telecommuting reduces the access to resources found only at employers office. An example of a resource that not can be accessed from home are for instance accounting-records, that normally contains physical papers like invoices and work orders. Depending on the job one has, it can be important to access those archives to get collect information (Green, Là ³pez, Wysocki, Kepner, 2003). Reduction of availability of resources and date can impact the productivity due the fact essential data is not available. Matters that occur because of a lack of regulation can be pointed out as a second disadvantage. It can cause the potential danger to over-work, over-eat and under-exercise, the so called desk-potato  or  fridge  factor  syndrome (Fortier, 1999).. Those symptoms can occur because pause times are no longer pre-set and the temptation of eating is for some no longer in control. The risks of overworking and overeating cannot be underestimated and therefor have to take in account by telecommuter and as well by the employer. Another disadvantage of telecommuting, concerning professional relationships, is the lack of personal contact with colleagues and supervisors. Because telecommuting reduces the face-to-face communication, different theories make similar predictions about quality and frequency of interaction, implying mainly negative impacts on interpersonal relationships for telecommuters. In a regular office setting, it is possible to provide direct input in solving problems on every scale. It is also possible to directly receive feedback when a certain situations take place. Even the distractions by colleagues can be important moments to reinforce relationships. Face-to-face interactions with colleagues provide access to informal networks and create opportunities for job relevant interactions. Spatial distance from others at work likely translates into personal distance; for telecommuters this might mean becoming out of sight, out of mind. Face-to-face communication is considered the medium with th e highest social presence and very important in personal and professional relationships. (Gajendran Harrison, 2007). Personal face-to-face interaction is essential in job and professional relationship developments, reducing those moments can influence both developments negatively. Advantages for the employer The following paragraph will discuss the advantage for the employer. For the employer there are advantages concerning the changed the work environment. For example, if telecommuting days are flexible and if that result in a lower presence of employers evenly spread over the week, business require less office-space and less parking for employees. Instead of leasing new office space or expanding existing office buildings, it is vastly less expensive to provide telecommuters with their own communication tools to work from their own homes (Green, Là ³pez, Wysocki, Kepner, 2003) (HongGirl, Bongsik, Kunihiko, 2007). Some companies opt to create central working offices outside of the city instead of using expensive office space in the centre. The employer can hire less expensive office-space together with other telecommute supporting companies and with that reduce costs. With telecommuting work is no longer time or place bounded. This results in another major advantage of telecommuting that it can create the possibility to hire professional labor from over the whole world, including those with health problems and disabilities. (Green, Là ³pez, Wysocki, Kepner, 2003). Disadvantages for the employer The following paragraphs will discuss the disadvantages of telecommuting for the employer. The first major disadvantages for the employer can be the fact telecommuting creates a physical distance between the employee and their colleagues and supervisors. Normally in an office setting the supervisor is able to supervise the employees directly. A potential disadvantage of telecommuting is the impact on professional relationships due to reduced direct interaction and the possibility to interact face-to-face. According to Management today, (as cited in Green, Là ³pez, Wysicki Kepner, 2003. p 4 ) It is imperative to understand that telecommunication is an alternative option and not a substitute for person-to-person contact associated with traditional business settings. When it comes to understanding, research has suggested that 75 percent of communication is non-verbal (Management Today, 2000). As the source above stated, personal contact cannot be replaced by forms of indirect contact, because 75 percent of communication is non-verbal and it is therefore very important to see the other when communicate. Another disadvantages for employers and especially a challenge for managers is overcome the possible jealousy from co-workers who cannot telecommute due the function they have (Gajendran Harrison, 2007). Equally employees with different visible benefits can cause separation within a team, it is for the manager to deal with those differences and overcome problems cause by it. A unbalance in a team caused by telecommuting is a disadvantage that shows also the importance to consider the consequence in larger perspective. Conditions for telecommuting According to Green, Là ³pez, Wysocki, and Kepner (2003), not all jobs lend themselves to telecommuting. For instance, jobs that involve direct management, face-to-face contact with customers, frequent meetings, manufacturing and warehousing of goods, purchasing, and facility management are not suitable for telecommuting operations. Jobs that do lend themselves to telecommuting include for example systems and information managers, writers, computer programmers, auditing reports, data entry. The reason why those jobs lend themselves for telecommuting is that they are mainly done with a computer and involve normally no frequent interaction with intern or extern parties. According to the Department of Vocational Rehabilitation as cited in Green, Là ³pez, Wysocki, Kepner (2003) successful telecommuters are self-starters who can do a good job with minimal supervision. They know how to organize their work and time, and are able to work well with tele-managers. In addition, telecommuters have low socialization needs and good communication skills. Factors of decreased supervision, (informal) communication with colleagues and managers, lack of time structure guidelines has to be conquer to become a good telecommuter. For the employer there are also conditions for successful telecommuting. First it is important to develop effective telecommuting business policies which provide guidelines for telecommuting. Second, plan for technical equipment and support for the telecommuting network, this is important because it all comes down to the technical equipment. After that is been done, select and properly train telecommuters and prepare managers for telecommuting supervision. This is important because it is not like regular supervising. A company has to accomplice several conditions before it can introduce telecommuting Analysis Analyzing these advantages and disadvantages, it can be stated that the possible benefits as result of introducing telecommuting is at least questionable. As the condition section pointed out, telecommuting is strongly dependent of the telecommuter, the company and the function. However, the telecommuter can be flexible with his or her work-schedule to meet personal needs, has needed less travelling time and costs, and can change the working environment which can result in a higher job satisfaction, the disadvantages can be underestimated. The telecommuter has to challenge difficulties that occurs by the lack of regulations, and the reduced face-to-face contact with colleagues and supervisors. Especially the reduction of face-to-face contact can lead to a smaller change of promotion. For the employer, the reduction of needed office and parking space, the possibility to hire professional labour around the world, and the possible increased productivity as result of the increased job satisfaction, are reasons to consider the support of telecommuting. It is on the other hand very important to take into account that the personal interaction with the employees is essential in a professional relationship. Reducing that interaction can lead to out of sight, out of mind and can cause a struggle in the relationship with the employee. Besides this it is recommend to overview the potential group of telecommuters, as stated before. When a potential group contains team members but not include the whole team, it is possible that teams will become unbalanced. It is therefore necessary to take the possible consequence of introducing telecommuting into account before it is implemented. Conclusion Companies consider supporting the concept of telecommuting have to take many challenges into account. Despite telecommuting can increase job satisfaction and productivity, the reduced personal face-to-face interaction and the possible consequence of that are significant disadvantages that overweight the advantages on general basis. The statement out of sight, out of mind support this. Changing ones workplace from a conventional office to a home or an alternate location is likely to alter the frequency, the quality, and, by definition, the modality of interaction one has with other organization members. Telecommuting therefore has the potential to degrade the quality of the manager-subordinate relationship (Cooper Kurland, 2002) (Gajendran Harrison, 2007). If providing a telecommuting structure is be considered, it is important to overthink the possible impact for telecommuters as well for non-telecommuters. If a company decides to support telecommuting, it is essential to set clear guidelines and limitations for telecommuters and for supervisors. To conclude, telecommuting cannot replace normal work arrangements, it can only be added to meet employees needs. Reference list Cooper, C., Kurland, N. (2002). Telecommuting, professional isolation, and employee development in public and private organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior 23, 511-532. DOI: 10.1002/job.145 Fortier, B. (1999) About telework, retrieved on March 27, 2011, from Innovisions Canada: http://www.ivc.ca/part2.html Gajendran, D., Harrison, R. (2007). The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown About Telecommuting: Meta-Analysis of Psycological Mediators and Individual Consequences. Journal of Applied Psychological, 92, 1524-1541. Green, K., Là ³pez, M., Wysocki, A., Kepner, K. (2003). Telecommuting as a true workplace alternative1. Gainesville, FL, United States: Department of Food and Resource Economics, University Florida. Retrieved from: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hr021 HongGirl, L., Bongsik, S., Kunihiko, H. (2007). Telework vs. central work: A comparative view of knowledge accessibility. Decision Support Systems, 687-700. doi:10.1016/j.dss.2006.11.007 Kossek, E., Lautsch, B., Eaton, S. (2006). Telecommuting, control and boundary management; correlates of policy use and practice, job control, and work-family effectiveness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 347-367. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2005.07.00 Mokhtarian, P. (1991). Defining telecommuting. Davis, California, US: Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis. Retrieved from: http://www.its.ucdavis.edu/publications/1991/UCD-ITS-RR-91-04.pdf University Zuyd Academic Skills. Assessment form for written papers Date à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. 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There is an outline/overview paragraph at the end of the introduction. 10 Body Paragraphing Each paragraph: discusses a new point and has a clear topic sentence. has appropriate supporting material: facts, examples, quotes, paraphrased or summarised information. has unity. has coherence. has linking within and/or beyond paragraphs. 30 Conclusion sums up the paper, refers back to thesis and has a clear conclusion and leaves the reader with the writers final thoughts on the topic. contains no new information. 10 Style and Tone The style and the tone are appropriate. The paper contains appropriate hedging language to qualify strong statements. 5 Vocabulary, terminology, wordiness Text contains accurate vocabulary, terminology and is not too wordy. 5

Moralirtys Fickle Mind :: social issues

Moralirty's Fickle Mind If someone were to ask what morality is, what would one say? Some may think of it as integrity and decency, and others may see it as honesty and candor. However, by contrasting what was moral, and immoral in the past, one can clearly see that people’s concept of morality changes over time. Under what circumstances that this conceptual change takes place, one may never know. What many believe is that morality and immorality together have shaped both thinking and society as a whole, as it continues to be the â€Å"guiding light† under many circumstances. One example of our morality-based society proves itself through history. Slavery lasted for over four hundred years. It is apparent that harsh treatment of this manner lasted for such a long period of time because this type of thinking was accepted during those times. Once it was clear that this type of treatment was wrong, many people’s attitudes (other than blacks) changed toward the treatment of African Americans, so it is clear that morality played a key role in the thinking process and the outcome of how one race dominated another and what the result was. However, one must also take into account the fact that the rich and powerful have major influences over way of life; this is apparent even though a democratic society. The general dominating of one people or race over another still lasts to this day, as it is clear through the Palestinian and Israeli conflict. Another example of how society has been shaped by morality and immorality is the fact that immorality drove pilgrims from an â€Å"immoral† monarchy and led them to create a â€Å"moral† type of government on their own. However, even though morality seems to lead society in a general good direction, such as taking down Hitler’s army, it does not always lead to the best outcome in many circumstances, such as the taking over of smaller countries by the US, or reinstating the death penalty. Even though this government was created from a lesser, worse government, morality still is taking a few turns to make it the best government possible with amendments and laws. A capitalist society may not always benefit us, together as a people, in all the best ways. But as one can see, it is still apparent that morality, even if it is the morality of the rich and powerful, shapes our way of living.

Dr. Frankenstein, Science,Technology and Ethics Essay examples -- Dr.

Dr. Frankenstein, Science,Technology and Ethics There is nothing more profound about the topic of science and technology than its ability to be a partner in helping to save lives. It is so influencial in coming up with the latest drugs to combat harmful and even deadly diseases and viruses such as AIDS, and some cancers. We are where we are today because of the remarkable innovations in science and technology. The idea that lives can be saved from such innovations as a new flu vaccine, or a new type of antibiotic that can battle chicken pox, and many other diseases. Its all about the advancements that we get from science and technology that let us live the way we do. Now, we dont have to worry about dying from the chicken pox or another once deadly disease. Its gotten so advanced that women can now get a morning after pill to stop the fertilization of an egg , so that she wont get pregnant. This type of technology was not around twenty years ago. Its now time to start taking into consideration how they are going about testing thes e newly invented vaccines or studies to get their results. Are the scientists going about getting their results in a moral way? At what cost is it that we are getting these great advancements? These are the questions that we need answered. For me personally, having been born three months early, I cant thanks science and technology enough. If it wasnt for the advancements in technology in the early eighties, I probably would not have survived, or worse, I would have had some disabilities such as Muscular Distrophy, retardation, or something even worse. I was lucky to have been born in one of the nations top neo-natal hospitals at the time, Portland Maine Medical Center, in Portland, Maine. If I had be... ...ant please everyone. No matter what you do, someone is bound to have a beef with it. Scientists need to be given the credit they deserve. They slave hours upon hours in labs coming up with such great and magnificant things that make our lives a lot more managable; whether it be the antibiotic that can cure the common cold, which they havent quite mastered yet, or a life saving treatment that can battle a deadly disease, such as stem cells. Advancements in science and technology are only going to get better. Lets hope that their techniques for research and experimentation are going to advance with them. Who knows, maybe one day we will come up with a control testing object that can be used to do any type of research and experiments on. Hey, its a suggestion! Works Cited Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. The Presence of Others. Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruszki

Hanslick With Feeling :: Art Poetry Papers

Hanslick With Feeling Abstract Among most contemporary philosophies of art, Eduard Hanslick's Vom Musikalisch-Schà ¶nen is regarded as an irredeemably formalistic tract denying any aesthetic relevance of feeling in the aesthetic appreciation and discussion of music. Challenging this position, I show that Hanslick's outlook is consistent with an expressiveness in music that can be appreciated and discussed aesthetically in relevant metaphorical terms which reveal how the music  « looks and what its beauties are  ». Rà ©sumà © Parmi les philosophies de l'art contemporain, le Vom Musikalisch-Schà ¶nen d'Eduard Hanslick est considà ©rà © comme un traità © formaliste strict, qui nie toute pertinence esthà ©tique du sentiment dans l'apprà ©ciation et la discussion sur la musique. Malgrà © cette prise de position, je vais montrer que le point de vue de Hanslick n'exclut pas une expressività © musicale sujette à   une apprà ©ciation et à   une discussion esthà ©tiques en termes mà ©taphoriques pertinents, qui rà ©và ¨lent  « l'allure  » de la musique et  « quelles en sont les beautà ©s  ». The consensus of most contemporary philosophers of art is that Hanslick's On the Musically Beautiful is an irredeemably formalistic tract.1 It vehemently denies that the aesthetic apprehension of instrumental music includes feeling either of the composer or of the listener. Hanslick, so it is widely believed, acknowledged as aesthetically relevant only music's formal or technical characteristics. I think that this contemporary view of Hanslick's alleged formalism may be due in part to his vigorous and oft repeated denial that music could in any way represent or express the  « garden-variety  » emotions or ordinary emotions. It hardly follows from this that for Hanslick the only possible aesthetic apprehension of music would be its formal aspects. As Beardsley has noted, denial of the expression theory of music does not necessarily result in formalism; an expressive theory of music is possible. The Expression Theory has called our attention to an important fact about music--namely, that it has human regional qualities. But in performing this service it has rendered itself obsolete. We have no further use for it. ... 'This music is joyous' is plain and can be defended. 'This music expresses joy' adds nothing except unnecessary and unanswerable questions.2 The interpretation of Hanslick as a musical formalist may be due to an all too hasty inference from his conviction that (1)  « from all customary appeals to feeling, we can derive not a single musical law.  » Yet, earlier Hanslick stoutly maintains (2)  « the view that the ultimate worth of the beautiful is always based on the immediate manifestation of feeling.

Police Accountability Essay

Police Officer Accountability is policy practice biggest thing. An officer is accountable for the community, the department, and themselves (Peak, 2012). An officer action is an accountability which can bring on more strain and concern that might get in the way of the officer’s split decision making when an officer is involved in a pursuit, the officer must keep in mind the public safety, as well as the safety of the suspect, and when he arrest the suspect he should make sure that he abide by the law and to make sure that the reason for the pursuit is but in the report for court. The ramifications would be making sure his accountability is successful or take responsibility if something tragic happens. An example of a specific situation where officer accountability for his actions that would affect his decision making in enforcing the law would be: An officer is sitting in a store parking lot and he sees a car speeding through the parking lot heading in the direction of people who are going in and out of the store. The car runs over one of the people and keeps going. The officer takes off behind the car and pulls it over. The officer gets of his car and walk to the driver side of the car, as he approach the car and starts to ask the driver for his license and registration he notice that it is one of his fellow officer and he is extremely intoxicated. The off duty officer asks him to let him go with a warning not realizing that the reason he was pulled over was because he just ran someone over. If the officer who is on duty lets him go he would be held accountable because he would taking a risk by letting him continue to drive and risk him harming someone else or himself. The officer arrests his fellow officer so he can be held accountable for his unlawful actions.

Marketing Debate

Is Consumer Behavior More a Function of a Person’s Age or Generation? MKT 6661 Strategic Marketing Management Troy University Introduction A heavily debated issue between marketers is what drives consumer behavior? There are two noted positions in this debate, one that believes that age differences are the deciding factors of a consumer’s wants and needs and others make the case that cohort and generation effects are better suited to uncover the consumer’s desires. Marketers have a major responsibility to identify and reach out to the marketplace and find out what influences an individual’s purchasing decisions.Rather these decisions can be sorted based on a group of individuals shared experiences or by simply bunching these individuals into their respective generations but a system has to be in place to provide insight to what is the best way to channel into the consumer’s buying methods. So what’s all the Fuss About? The question that we ar e trying to answer is, is consumer behavior more a function of a person’s age or generation? There has been inclusive research on the driving forces of what drives consumer choice.A pattern has been discovered that people who make similar purchases may also share other specific social-economical similarities. This gives way that there is some background to be learned about these purchasing groups. Cohorts, or Aged-Based Marketing, tend to share a significant number of experiences, goals, and values. (Bidwell 2009) The main principle behind a cohort is that individuals make purchasing decisions based on events that they experienced through their lives, such as their childhood, adolescents, early adulthood and so forth.These events, called defining moments, influence attitudes, preferences, values, and buying behaviors, and these attitudes, values, and buying-behavior motivations for each cohort remain virtually the same throughout their lives. (Bidwell 2009) In contrast to coh orts, on the other side of the debate, the method of evaluating consumer behavior by placing consumers in a group of individuals born and living about the same time. This is the practice of multi-generation marketing. Each generation has unique expectations, experiences, lifestyles, values, and demographics that influence their buying behaviors.Multi-Generational marketing has a broader platform in which individual consumers are placed. Some specifics of these two marketing segments can draw some contrast between the two. To use the cohort model most effective there must be a combination of people’s ages and information about their particular life stages. Some examples of different life stages are empty nesters, retirees, young families, and your careerist. (Bidwell 2009) Most consumers’ life stages are fairly predictable so it provides for their purchasing habits to be predictable.There can be contrast amongst different cohorts as well, depending on the unique events that an individual shared with others in the same cohort. According to Charles D. Schewe, a professor of marketing at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and consultant to numerous companies, there are seven American cohorts. The first cohort being the Great Depression cohort, born between the years of 1912 and 1921 and represent approximately seven percent of the U. S. population, secondly is the World War II cohort born between the years of 1922-1927 and represent about five percent of the U.S. population, the third cohort is known as the post WWII cohort, this group was born between the years of 1928-1945 and represent about twenty three percent of the U. S. population, next are the Baby Boomers I and Baby Boomers II cohorts, they represent together about forty three percent of the U. S. population and were born between the years of 1946 to 1964, the sixth cohort are the Generation X’ers who were born between the years of 1966 and 1976 and make up approximately twen ty two percent of the U. S. opulation, and lastly there are the N-Gens, born from 1977-1987, and make up twelve percent of the U. S. adult population. ( Bidwell 2009) Though these cohorts span over a number of years they are all linked by a series of events that follow a chronological order. Even though a cohort places consumers in segments based on lifestyles but the time in which these events occurred can have drastic effect on their purchasing choices. Looking at the metrics of generational marketing on surface can resemble age-based marketing very closely.This is not an intentional consequence to be vague in practice or by definition but help narrow the message down that the marketer is trying to relay. Take a look this table that depicts the six U. S. Generations. Generation| Date of Birth| Number| Age (in 2010)| Pre-Depression| Before 1930| 12 MM| 81 and above| Depression| 1930-1945| 28 MM| 65-80| Baby Boom| 1946-1964| 80 MM| 46-64| Generation X| 1965-1976| 45 MM| 34-45| Gener ation Y| 1977-1994| 71 MM| 16-33| Generation Z| After 1994| 29 MM| Less than 16| (Marketing to the Generations 2010)Looking at the table, generation analysis and Cohort effects follow a very similar chronological order and demographics but generation analysis is a much broader form of marketing intelligence. At best we have put a group of consumers at the same place at the same time using this method. By knowing the generation the consumer was born it does help the marketer pin point the most effective way to communicate with the consumer taking a macro overlook of the consumer. Based on what generation a consumer was born in gives insight of how techno savvy or financially conservative, education level the consumer received.Conclusion As I really think about the original question and look for the answer it seems to me that these two methods work in tandem with each other. The bigger picture is understanding the holistic approach to getting your message across the consumer. Cohort i s a much more defined process, in that it outlays the needs of the consumer at different times in their lives but knowing the generation that the consumer helps to point the marketer in the right direction when extrapolating data from individual.Undoubtedly to me both are instrumental in a effective and efficient marketing information system References Bidwell. 25 March 2009 Cohorts: Age-Based Marketing. http://www. bidwellid. com/resources/white_papers/Bidwell_ID_Cohorts. pdf Williams, K; Page,R 2010 Marketing to the Generations http://www. aabri. com/manuscripts/10575. pdf Kotler, P. , & Keller, K. (2012). In K. Keller, & P. Kotler 14th ed, Marketing Management

Life In Nazi Germany Essay

It was a lovely day in Hamburg Germany; people are doing their own work and the children are attending at school. It was an ordinary day in Germany. There was equality in different kinds of people. Religion and Culture is not issue to people living in this state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was February 1, 1933 in Hamburg Germany. The story of my life that was dream became a historical nightmare to people living in this country. Pure German are the highest and royalty living in Germany. And Jews are the low class in the state they were being set aside of the Germany community.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I am Herbert David and this is a story of my life when this historical war began. I remember it was yesterday, a 13 year old boy skinny, fair complexion like other German child, tall and dark hair. I like spending my time reading book about heroic soldiers and playing my aircraft plane. I go to school and go to Church every Sunday. Some times, i just fool around with my two friends Randy and Ryan. They were my best of friends in my hometown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My father’s name is Micael who’s a professional teacher teaching history downtown. He is tall, dark hair and he loves to teach children about the freedom of choice. My father is a very kind and lovable to children. He doesn’t push my sister and i to a certain thing that we don’t want to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My mother’s name is Julie who a homemaker is preparing the needs of the family. A simple mother making sure that everyone is in good health. I have two sisters namely; Julianna, six years old the youngest in the family. She loves hugging everyone and makes each of the family members to smile everyday. Rachel ten year old who loves my mother’s cooking and maybe she wanted to learn cooking because she loves eating a lot.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My two best friends; Randy loves writing about his feeling in a way of poetry and writing fictional stories that talks about life his a Jewish want to be a professional writer. Ryan in the other hand loves to play his favorite toy aircraft and wants to be a professional pilot when he grows up. While for me, I just want to be my father who teaches in school sharing experiences in life and give my thoughts to the young people who will be the next in line in life. Providing my family what they needed and make my father proud that I take his footstep as a teacher. I love children because I have two lovable sisters. And I want to be a good example to them and make my family proud of me. Randy, Ryan and I were under the tree near in my house sharing all the thoughts and dreams when we grow up. We were laughing in Ryan’s jokes about having a family someday. And I don’t want to have a family yet I just want to make my family proud in what my goal is. My two friends and I went to home it’s almost time for supper and my mother is shouting it’s time for supper so we had to be separate ways and wave goodbye to each other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My simple life in Germany changed when my family and I heard the news in the radio. A new Chancellor is designated in the country. Germany is a nation that is its history never experience in democracy. This state is in great depression with not enough food and people were jobless. The new chancellor’s name Adolf Hitler; he is also called the Nazi party as the Fuhrer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like a god they are marching and shouting hail to the fuhrer as they welcome Adolf in the new position he was assigned. At first he didn’t promise any thing he said he doesn’t want to make cheap promises but later part as he ruled Germany in his second speech he said â€Å" I will employ my strength for the welfare of the German†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My Father was telling me that time that people are poor because of the promises of the previous chancellors. They make promises but because of the personal ambition they set aside the people to employ those were jobless. Adolf Hitler as I think will change all of it and make Germany a better place for people who live in it. My family was doubtful to this new Fuhrer but for my side i was happy due to Adolf’s promise and a striking moment that he will not make cheap promises.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I was amaze to this person that he wants to organize the nation as one. How amazing thinking that people will not be hungry and people have jobs to provide the peoples needed. But time passes by and Hitler’s promises changed to built new army and weapons. I was shocked when my friend randy and his family were taken away by the storm troopers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The ordinance is to prison all the Jewish people because they were not pure race as Germans. His father was beating to death and psychological beating. The soldier is telling Randy’s father how to put the rope if he wants to kill his self. Randy’s father replied â€Å"i have a family and I will not kill myself because you want me to do† the soldier just gave the sausage and pretzel and left the father in the concentration camp. They were release after a year the Jewish and the social diplomat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But time passes by and Hitler’s promises changed to build the new army of his own and weapons for the country. A dictatorship and army was the 1st  in Hitler’s priority before the people. It was a massive destruction in Germany as Hitler’s mind became evil and ambitious. It was April 1, 1933, the stores of the Jews boycott by the storm trooper’s of Hitler. They said it was the will of the Fuhrer and it must be done. But the boycott was ended for a day.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I was a kid seeing how Adolf ruined a simple place to a nightmare. Even the books of Jews were burned by the storm troopers the other army was disgusted what the storm trooper did. They even killed 800 Jews the night of the Broken Glass were Jewish building was bombed. The government was changed when Paul von Hindenburg was assigned Adolf Hitler as one of the chancellor. One of Hitler’s comrade; Joseph Goebbels wrote in his diary â€Å"By appointing Hitler Chancellor of the Reich you have handed over our sacred German Fatherland to one of the greatest demagogues of all time. I prophesy to you this evil man will plunge our Reich into the abyss and will inflict immeasurable woe on our nation. Future generation will curse you in your grave for this action†. And it was true Adolf rule Germany as his comrade predicted. Adolf Hitler maybe a dictator but he did come up to employ people they called it employment skim by opening an autobahn in Germany. People haven’t felt the inflation slowly rise but they didn’t mind. Germany was over in Adolf Hitler’s hand and as for my opinion I don’t want to stay Hitler in the position of ruling the state because there were no more peace in the country people are killing people and there no more equality in to it. I as German should be with German friend not half race like my friend randy. I was sad about what happen to Randy and his family they were hiding to the Nazi.   How his father was treated by the soldier I was fortunate and Ryan because we were Pure German. My family was treated as they were royalty and they were respectable. German People was brain wash as Adolf Hitler’s was the Chancellor of Germany. Even the Children were involved in Adolf Hitler’s creating a perfect world in Germany. First, the disable unborn was killed because they don’t want in perfect person in their country. They doctor’s will write an x in the document of a certain child and they will inject methyl to kill the unborn child. But they will put in the document that the child had a certain disease or the child cannot be alive due to a sickness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After those killings, the second was the children age 2 and up that is disabling. The army will talk to a certain family like in Ryan’s family he has a sister age 5 years old and his mother was in the hospital dropping Ryan’s sister for treatment but after an hour the doctor said that Ryan’s sister died due to a certain sickness. It was so horrible that even the children were in Adolf’s propaganda in his perfect world and perfect people. Ryan and his family cannot do any thing because if we disobey the fuhrer we might be killed or abandoned in my country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ryan’s father was a German soldier he was telling me that when they oath in Adolf’s Hitler and they were raising their arms he felt that this is no turning back because when we displease the fuhrer we maybe killed like the bombing of the apartment of the Jewish. He said that we are â€Å"master race† it means German should rule than others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     I called Hitler as the most evil leaders in the world because of what he did to my country and my friends. He treated the other race like a small little ant that he can squash it. He maybe created a new German revolution but it’s nightmare to my child’s eye and for the people in Germany. I was scared and turn down my belief to Hitler’s vision for Germany. It’s sad that this intelligent man can do all the horrible things like this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Discriminating and making Germany suffer to his own ambitious way. Adolf Hitler gave employment by opening the Autobahn but yet his visions to rein other borders are destroying Germany and people’s lives. They were dying because they risk their lives just to give what the fuhrer wants to take other countries. I talked to my father regarding of my studies. I was asking permission to my father that if I finish my studies I will join the army as like Ryan’s dream becoming a pilot in Germany’s army. My father at first was furious about I was going to join in the army. He said if i want to live and see my sister alive I should be with them taking care of them. I was telling me many German armies died because of Hitler’s ambition in Germany. But i told my father not to be bothered just trust in my idea. I want to join German army to change for the better. I want to help but not killing people that is not my race. I want to change for the better for Germany and my family. I want to protect my family because I heard from other people even German races kills because they disobey the will of the Fuhrer. I want to protect my mother and my two sisters to this evil man. And changed it for the better I maybe wearing a German uniform but it don’t mean I’m a follower of the fuhrer. I will use my power as German army to help people that are discriminated the other German army, don’t know how will I can change Germany in my own way but I’ll try to change the system by doing good deeds in a small way. If ever I see some Jewish and maltreated by my comrades i will help the Jew and not discriminate the person as what I heard and saw before. I maybe a child as of know but hopefully in my goal I will provide the changes of the system of the government in a small way first. After that I will be a soldier as Ryan’s father to protect people not the government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I didn’t finish my studies due to the problem of the country. Jews were taken away and there was no equality. I decided to join the army. Though I really want is to teach but the fuhrer wants that all pure German man must obey to join the army because of some soldiers were dying in warship. My sister Julianna joined in this group called the amazons. They are displaying their nude bodies to the German officials and guest of the fuhrer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     As my observation it’s just a feast for the eyes of the guest. They said they do the pageant because they were displaying what god created so women are naked. Pure German Women can only married the German Man because of Hitler’s ambitious of a perfect nation. It’s a celebration for women to display their naked bodies riding horses. They were called Madam as a higher class woman. I was looking at my sister but I can’t do anything for her. If I disobey Hitler I will be dead the next day or even shot that day of the event.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All I can do is look at my sister and in side my conscience I was furious and mad. I don’t want what I’m seeing it because men where having pleasured by eyes looking at my sister’s naked body. I must focused and just to forget that event. After the event, fireworks were displayed in the sky but they didn’t mind the fireworks but the women that have been displayed awhile ago. People were praising Hitler because he was taking over Germany. I was in the German Sixth Army Forces in early months of 1941. Hitler’s objectives to other borders were have direct access to the Middle East and be able to have the military capability to sweep Northward behind Soviet lines to Moscow. It was bloody war with the German army and the Russia in that year. I was scared for myself giving my life to Hitler that he just thinks of his ambition to the Germany. I reminisce when I was a kid that all I want to is to become a teacher and a soldier just to changed the rules in Hitler’s era I was wrong how can I help the people if I’m here fighting another border just to please the Fuhrer. My commander General Friedrich Paulus was the one leading the army for Hitler’s presents. We were carried to the borders of Moscow and Leningrad. It was called the â€Å"Operation of Barbarossa†. In summer of 1942 the main target was the oil fields of the Caucasus to gain the full mobility if we can gain the oil resources. Then a report came in the Hitler’s changed his mind and he ordered us that part of the army will have to occupy to siege of Stalingrad. To divert the attack Hitler derelict the Caucasus Campaign that has a good chance of the army to win. In August 23, 1942 precisely 18:00 hours thousand of airplanes drop bombs on Stalingrad. In that city there were 600,000 people. Stalingrad was heavily hit by air attack; one raid of 600 planes started enormous fires and killed 40,000 civilians. We reached the Volga and Stalingrad and the soviet and the German fought for a long, we were bulging house to house battle for the city. Occupied Russian was fervent it was in the street and factory; building was still standing but destroyed. We won the territory my commander was over-whelming about the result using the fire power. We won that day and stay for the night some of the soldiers were hurt in the fight we have the medical but it will not last for long because the next day we were ordered to take down Stalingrad. To smash the enemy forces intense. Occupy the town and block the land communications between Ron and the Volga. It was a long urban shred strung out along the west bank of the Volga. Hitler was really determined to capture the major manufactured center and the communications system of the southern Russia. We were happy and drunken because as we know we settle the borders of Stalingrad. Some are jumping in the trucks, playing mouth organs and shouting like madmen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I was drunk and yet I’m not that contented because I was thinking of my family in Hamburg. I was exhausted and seeing some of my associate was killed because of this. I was drunk not because of the war but forgetting the dreadful memories of the associates that was killed in this war. It was flashing back; they were crying for help some lost their fingers because of the fight or even their legs. I just lie down in the road and just close my eyes. The next day, war started all over. Russian attempts to annihilate the German armies between the Rivers of the Don and the Volga. The commander of the Soviet gives a note to the Soviet armies to not turn back in the German Army. It’s a battle of two borders and we were fighting for Hitler. We were shouting hail Adolf! We were killing lots of Soviet armies but they were estimated by 1 million men. November 19 the massive assault, under General Zhukov attacked in German flanks. Within 5 days they had executed a pincer group that 250,000 to 300,000 Germans and satellite troops. Hitler forbade Commander Paulus from attempting to split out to the German location was hopeless. The Russian Climate added to our worries because it is very chilly in the border. Some of my troops we slowly froze and we ran out of ammunition. I was terrified because I maybe the next to my troops grave. We were starved because of lack in food so my commander said that those who cannot battle will not provide food and starved them to death just to survive in the border. And for those who are still can fight will take the rations I was in the side of can fight and I can see the eyes of those who are wounded the pain and the hunger. They were crying and asking for food and medical attention but were in the battlefield and Hitler didn’t give any supplies to support the armies. The supplies were dropping an average of 70 tons of supplies throughout December. The needed minimum of the supplies we needed is 300 tons a day so we lack of supplies so some of the wounded troops are dying because my commander is letting them die due to lack of food. We were put on 1/3 rations and began to kill other troops that is useless and even the horses we kill and eat because of starvation. By December 7 my troops and I were living on one loaf of Bread for every five men. January 30 1943, Adolf Hitler promoted to Paulus to Field the Marshall and sent him a message reminding that no German Field Marshal had ever been captured. Hitler was clearly suggesting to my commander to commit suicide but he declined and the following day surrenders. The last of the German surrendered on the 2nd  of February. The Battle for Stanlingrad was over. Over 91,000 men were captured and a further 150,000 had died during the siege my friend Ryan was been in the numbers who died in Stanlingrad. He was in the plane when the Soviet Union crashes his plane and ended his life. My commander was taken custody by the Soviet at first he hesitate to cooperate but when he heard that his friends will be executed he participate to make an appearance in the Nazi broadcasts. He told to the government officials to disobey Adolf Hitler’s commands. When Hitler watches the broadcast he orders Paulus family to prison. The troops were prisoner force to march to Siberia. About 45,000 died during the march and the prisoners in the war camps and only about 7,000 survived the war. Actually nobody knows what really the rates of the people died in Stalingrad â€Å"Patriotic War†. The Soviet Government never did release accurate casualty figures from the war. Some post-Soviet Russians have stated that Chuikov spent over one million soldier’s lives to hold the city, but that claim is almost certainly exaggerated. It was claim that Stalingrad was the bloodiest â€Å"battle† in world history. The soldiers of 6th Army who had been promised food and shelter by the Russians were not so fortunate. The Russians kept about 20,000 of them to remain as forced labor in Stalingrad to work at rebuilding the city they destroyed. We were slave after the fall of the 6th  army in Stalingrad. I was so humiliated what my government done to us just to please Hitler’s ambitious ways. The rest were dispatched to numerous POW camps scattered from Siberia to Soviet Central Asia. Many died shortly after the surrender from a Typhus epidemic brought about by Lice and the unsanitary conditions experienced during the battle. Many more died of malnutrition, disease and neglect in the various prison camps run by the Soviets. Of the 90,000 who surrendered with Paulus, only 5,000 men survived to return home to Germany. Many of these men were held captive the longest by the Russians, as their release wasn’t finally secured by W. German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer until 1955. After my troops and I was release in prison i went to home in Hamburg, Germany to see my family. I had a wounded leg and it has to be cut so they have to cut my one leg. When i went home, all the structures of homes were destroyed. Bodies of men and women was all over the place and blood shed in each home. I when to see my home and so my home was destroyed i knee led and cry in front of the house. Asking god why do they have to be dead i suffered enough all i want is to be home with my family. Then after crying and crying, my little sister whispering down beneath. She said â€Å" a little help here!†. There was a door, it was the cellar i forget that we have a hiding place down beneath the house. I Budge the door and reach my little sister. I was crying and hugging her never realized the pain in my leg. And Rachel and my father was helping my mother to get out the cellar. They were dirty and with bloods. My little sister, Julianna whispered â€Å"Thank god your alive!† I was hugging my parents and my two sister. Rachel told me they hide when the Nazi army was inform by the other German   that i was a traitor so they come to my house to kill my family. They were inform about it and hide under ground. The Nazi bomb the house with a tanker and fortunately they were in side the cellar. The Nazi troops thought they were all dead. I survived in the war unfortunately; I was a handicap because the doctor has to cut my leg due to the severe damage of my leg because of the war. My life changes when I have 1 leg and it’s hard to think that I have to use wheel chair for the rest of my life. In my seven years in the army I realize so many things that sometimes life is unfair for the people who followed Adolf Hitler for the reason that the fuhrer who once a leader never stand back in his own people. He let the people suffered and then follows dead due to this ambition of taking the country and the order country just for his own self and his followers. I saw many things in my seven years in the army and it was horrifying and bloody. It seems that I didn’t take the opportunity to take stand what I believed. I just followed and silent all the years I was in the troops. To my troops were in great pain, they were crying even though they were men. They don’t want to die but they just followed what Hitler said to them. They take orders and they risk their lives to please what the fuhrer wants. It’s sad to think that they all died just because of a one person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A person that it was considered as the most evil man in the world he wanted to have a perfect country but he created massive destruction and bloody war in each part of the world. He never thinks for his countrymen but just his self and his idea of a perfect country. I don’t have my family they died in the war I was left alone after the war. My Family and I migrate in the United States and live as a American citizen. We were just an ordinary people living in San Diego California. My father who takes care of my mother because of the traumatic experience. My father stop for a while teaching because no one can take care of my mother. He never talks about the Nazi nor Hitler. In my way of thinking my father doesn’t want to   talk about the event because we had lots of pain and it’s time for the healing process and forget about it. He may never tells us but we can feel what he mean even with out saying anything. My mother can’t speak due to the cut of her tongue by a Nazi soldier. They were prison in their house and the Nazi soldier thought that they cannot escape but my father told my mother and my two sister to go under the cellar. Fortunately before the tanker attack they were inside the cellar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Nazi though they were dead and after that they just heard people screaming and begging for help. My sister Rachel so everything that the Nazi troops killing and shooting people in head. They were shot to dead and sometimes like a deer they just shot in a long range. They were shouting â€Å"Hail Hitler! Hail to the fuhrer!† and shoot their guns to people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My sister was covering Julianna’s ears so she cannot hear was going on out side. They were crying inside the cellar. My mother was traumatize and never speak that day. My sister Rachel was strong and brave so she was taking it in her self.   I’m pursuing what I really like and teaching children. I have been a teacher for quiet sometimes. After the war, I pursue my studies and plan for my life and for my family. Following my father’s footstep of being a teacher. I was a history teacher teaching grades school students, and hopefully i will get a master’s degree in history teaching. I want to shared my experience to people that are   not aware to the story of world war 2. Giving them the idea how hard to struggle in that era and those who are heroes in that history. By sharing my life they will reflect how they were fortunate to live in a free world country. How it is difference in living Germany under Hitler’s   era. How Hitler managed to conquer Germany by using military strategy. And discriminating the   other races except the Pure German races. How he kills all the civilians and sacrificing it with out any regrets or pity to the countrymen. Today, it is a peaceful environment no more massive killings and inequality even we have different cultures and raises. When I was I boy all I want is give change the better of my country but I was wrong of defending Hitler and joining his army. I thought in my mind that this man could change my poverty in Germany but I have felt the terror and horrifying things that in my mind until I die I will carry the experiences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The people are killed because they are not the same as mine. Even my best friend Randy was in that inequality because he was a Jew. I never saw Randy after that tragic day. How is he or is he alive? One of the civilians told me a story that Randy was killed in the holocaust because he was trying to save his family. My heart was shattered because my best friends were all dead and I’m still here in this earth facing the reality in life. In those seven years, I realized that in life we cannot predict what will happen to us. We will never know if tomorrow were still alive? The learning in this historical nightmare is to appreciate every individuals and life. We have to stand what we really believe if you know your right. In Hitler’s era, he ruled the people as military government and as for today there is a big difference in it. I have the freedom of choice and no one can tell me what is right or wrong believes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My Randy died because of the wrong perspective in races and religion of the army troops His family was killed in the holocaust because they were Jewish. The holocaust   is were Adolf Hitler put the Jewish Family and kills them inside the train. Those who survived told me that Randy was shot in the head because he tried to save his parents. His parents was in gas chamber’s and by using a poison gas they   were killed for about fifteen minutes.   I cannot do anything because i will be killed if i also help them. I was to scared to stand up what i have believed when i was a children. As that event i can’t and scared for myself and for my family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The discrimination of the Jewish cause lots of people dead in a instant. Because of Hitler’s ambition to be all perfect the people also suffered and died. That Germany is for thee German people. Hitler brainwash the German telling that Jewish is poison in the country. He make believed that German’s are the highest and royalty in the country. This man was the evil man i ever known how he kills the people but not killing in his own hands. The blood shed was all over the country   and the massive   killing didn’t stop but a lot of events in this black era had died in a horrifying death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When we left Germany we never regrets that we are no more in that country. I was pleased that my family and i left the country and start in Unites States. My sister, Rachel is in San Diego California High school and Julianna is in grade school. And I’m working at the grade school down town. My life change because some of the horrifying when i was in the army was so humiliating for   me i was obeying the most evil man in the world way back in the world war two. He even concluded in the holocaust those who are homosexuals, Gypsies and even Communists that just want to express their rights. While in the united states the people gives ideas in their own ways. They can write their beliefs, shout out the road and protest all day want. In my times, they were killed by poison in the chamber or shot to death. But in the new country i was amazed that how people are expressive in their own rights. Having the right choice and choose what ever you want to say. Opportunity to speak wants in each in our minds and protecting the human life as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I reminiscing what happen then until today, and before i was a nightmare to my family and the people that lived in Germany in the World War II. I was more aware to the people around me. I respect the people even though they are not like German races. It doesn’t matter what religion or culture or decision we have but the important is respecting every person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In my family perspective like my father, he just wants to lived normal ordinary citizen and give my mother’s attention. Because my mother can’t speak no more. It so pity looking his wife like that while he is normal. My mother’s eyes just have tears every time my father help him to eat. My mother was paralyzed due to the explosion when they hide in the cellar. She cannot speak nor move her feet. My sister and i knew that my father’s affection will help my mother’s recovery and give a new start for my family and I.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I was teaching children but i am a handicap using a wheel chair sometimes i just can’t forgive Hitler and ask what he had done to me. I cannot walk like before all i want before is to   teach children and have an ordinary life. A life that was taken for me to the dark age of world war II. As for now, i just go with my own life and pursuit my goal. Teaching Children and have my degree in Education in history. I want to explore life and tell stories about the Dark Age of Hitler’s reign in Germany. I am setting my mind that even though I’m a handicap and has a dark memories i can still change young adults mind to appreciate their lives and know their rights as a human being. Teaching them that sometimes life is unpredictable and learned for the mistakes that we have than in the past. And Even like is so unfair we have to strive and fight for our lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My family and I were helping each other by everyday session what we feel and what happen   this past few days. We were bonding for giving affection to each other that telling each other that stand as a family a therapy for the souls to heal the wounded hearts. Give each other support in times of remembering the bad experiences that we had in the world war II. Protecting one another to cope in the tragic moment of the family. It’s sad to see my family especially my mother cry every time she hear a gun shot in the Television. She was traumatize and we want her to realized that the war is over. We just hug her every time she feels she was in the stage of the Dark Age of Hitler.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My little sister Julianna just hug mother ever time my mother cries. She will say â€Å" Don’t cry mama we here and were still alive. We will not stop loving you†. Then hug with tears my little sister. We know it’s hard to forget the horrific experience but were still trying to fight it how painful it is. We maybe faces the stage of recovering but the help of the new friends in the united states i think we can face and can heal the pain. Time could only tell when will my family and I can ever recover because the experiences are to scary to imagine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One night i was dreaming my troops who died in the war they were crying for help and begging to save them. It shifted when i saw my two best friends Randy and Ryan under the tree near in my old house in hamburg Germany they we lying in the grass the surrounding were all black but i can see the tree that we always hanging out when we were a kid. They were not moving they just lying in the tree with their eyes closed. The background sound was the bombs,   shot of a gun and the stomping of feet. I was just looking but not moving in my place. Then one Russian was holding a big sword   he cut my one leg and hold my cut leg and just laughing loudly. I screamed with the pain i saw. Then Randy scream that he cannot move his body and he cannot breath. He was begging me to help him but i can’t move my feet. I was in the ground sitting in with my blood. I was crying for help. Ryan was asking for help. He said â€Å"help us!Pls Help us!†. And i heard a plane coming to Ryan’s place and saw how the plane release a bomb through air and pointed in Ryan and Randy’s place and i shouted â€Å"No!†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My sister Rachel woke me up and saying that I’m just dreaming. I was crying in her shoulder that i told what i dreamed. She said that i cannot forgive myself in what happen to my friends and troops. I was devastated that night that whole night i talk to my sister Rachel about what i feel. I was crying so hard that asking why did my friends died? I cannot except how a tragic event will haunt me every day in my life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I just when to church with my family praying for a piece of mind. We pray for the people that died in that dark age of Hitler. My little sister Julianna lit up a candle for the children that have died in the world war and the rest of the family pray for the peace of the soul who died while protecting their family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After going to church, we went to the park for a picnic with the rest of the people who survived and left Germany. There was the a lot of family migrated after the down fall of Hitler. We were the survivors of the wars, In battlefield and in the holocaust. They were sharing their lives how they suffer   and how they did survived in Hitler’s era. We were eating while we were talking about the great stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Their was a lady sharing her story and showing in her risk the number. The number of her risk show that she was a victim of the holocaust. How she was separated with his father and hiding in her mother’s skirt. Children were taking away from their parents and killing them by poison gas. Because the friends of Hitler said that we kill the old adults but the younger ones must the first to be killed because they can be a hindrance someday in Hitler’s plans. The Lady said she was escaped by the help of her mother she run for her life but never see her mother and her 3 siblings anymore.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A striking in my flesh how this lady lost her family and can talk about the death of her family. She maybe realized to be strong and be dependent to herself because she was left alone not like me, i lost my friends and troops but i have still have my family alive and even i don’t have my other leg i still have my family to be there whenever i needed comfort.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those people that was victims of the Dark era was sharing their experiences while we were eating together in the park. My family was happy that they were alive and sharing the moments. I was thinking that my family has an extension a large family for those who were victims of the Hitler’s era. A large community for people who were victims and sharing their live to each other to healed each others heart.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I talk to my father and have a great idea. I told my father what if we build an organization for us to help people that is victims of discrimination and inequality. Those who was survived in the war and for the present those who were discriminated by other people. At first my father hesitated because we don’t have enough money to organize a organization.   I told my father that the people will help and the citizen in the community will help also if we have a proper exposure.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And he agree to it and I open the meeting to the people who was in the picnic. Telling them we can stand for it and help one another. I saw how they shared with out a doubt to one another and by it an organization can be build by starting for the victims of the Hitler’s era. I saw my mother tears falls down with her cheeks that in my heart i knew that it is the start of a new beginning for the family and the victims. That my mother will regain her strength and faith to live in a new stage of her life. I told them that we can start a new life and by the stories we will tell them in schools how we lived in that era and to protect people in abuse and human rights. They were applauding me after i explained what i have planned for the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After that day, people we going to my house and sharing their lives how they treated when they were in world war II. And my father and my mother was the one listening to each stories. My father gives them advices and moral support. My mother is the one who touches them to realized that they were sympathize in their behalf. My two sister were giving for them and sometimes listen also stories about the victims.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We were sharing the lives in my school when i have a history classes that is related to the topic. Giving the children to see that they were fortunate to live with out dictatorship.   Sharing the lives of the victims changes the lives of my student. They were sympathizing the victims and giving their reaction and i can see in my students eyes that they can see clearly how the world war effect many lives in Germany. Their tears was falling when they heard that even children are killed just because of their culture and their religion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After a month, a blessing came into the victims lives. They were given a place for every memorabilia and pictures of their family to remind the people that in world war many lives was taken and shattered but some people that survived because a hero to give idea that a right to live and freedom to say what you want it to say.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My family and I was over whelm to see my student give a special   place to the victims and collect memorabilia to the victims and re-arranged it to the walls. Pictures of people who died in the war and most of them are also written names that every student put some personal prayer. When the grand opening of the New Hope Organization people in the neighborhood was attended the event. There was open eyes to them and give some donations for the victims of the war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some give attention to talk to them every day to heal the survivor in this dark age. And some give their time attention and love to the victims of the war. I was over whelm what they did. My family was helping to the new organization and hopefully we can gathered all the victims of the war not in a certain neighborhood but each country that was victims of Hitler’s era.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   That night we went to bed and i had dream again. Ryan and Randy was wearing white clothes and smiling at me under the tree that was my friends and I hang out when we were little. They were waving at me and telling me thank you for the help. I said to them don’t thank me i am just an ordinary person that just want to ask forgiveness to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Randy said don’t ask forgiveness because you didn’t kill us but life is unpredictable we have to face and be courageous that we are dead. We have to have to sacrifice something to achieved a certain goal. They were telling me that i help the souls of the forgotten to see the light and to remember them as innocent who died in Hitler’s era. After that my two best friends wave and disappeared.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I woke up and i saw the four corners of my room. I was happy that even   randy and the victims of the war appreciate how the the living victims were cope in the new environment and appreciating that they were heroes in every stories. They maybe death but in the history of Hitler’s in human stand a new way of thinking that, we can stand in our own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We have human rights and have the right to choose to be alive in this world. No one can ever take this and by together all the victims and those who are voluntary helping to heal the people can change a new world.   Changing the way of those who are not open in the historical dark era. And make a stand to people that Life is a right to live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Adolf Hitler may killed many lives in Germany but again i stand for the victims who live and even they have dark experiences they will stand because of the people surrounds them. A lot was changed and my family gathers the pieces of a happy family i might don’t have my other leg or my mother cannot talk for the rest of her life i know and she knows that a big changes when we left Germany and pick the pieces of each others life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The organization will always be in the side of the victims and the death of the innocents. I will be the one who will uplift this vision and became a reality. By the help of people who are willing and open minded in the event.   My father supported me to my goals and my vision. I Finish my degree and teaches college students in San Diego California. My two sister is studying in where i teach in high school. My mother can’t talk but as i can see she cope in her trauma and helping in the victims by listening in their stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BIBLIOGRAPHY J and Einsiedel, H., Cassell Military Stalingrad: Memories and Reassessments, Wieder,London, 2nd Edition, 2002.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     WalshS., Simon & Schuster Stalingrad 1942 – 1943, London, 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pimlott, J.Viking (Penguin), the Viking Atlas of World War II London, 1995   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Keegan, J. (Ed) Atlas of the Second World War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Times Books / Guild Publishing, London, 1989   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jukes G., MacDonald & Co Stalingrad: The Turning Point   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   London, 1968   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Good enough, S., Macdonald & Co War Maps   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   London, 1982   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Laurence Rees & Samuel West   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Nazis (chaos and consent)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   BBC World Wide, 2004